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Medical Image Computing

Optimal Statistical Dynamic Shape Modeling

The construction of 3D dynamic statistical
deformable models for complex topological shapes. Criteria based on surface conformality and minimum description length is used to simultaneously identify the intrinsic global correspondence of the training data. 

http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~gzy/osdm/

Predictive Cardiac Motion Modeling and Correction with PLSR

Predictive cardiac motion modeling and correction based on partial least squares regression to extract
intrinsic relationships between three-dimensional (3-D) cardiac deformation due to respiration and multiple one-dimensional real-time measurable surface intensity traces at chest or abdomen.
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see IEEE TMI 23(10), 2004

 

Imaging Cardiac Blood Flow 

This gives access to material supplementary to a paper published in Nature: 'Asymmetric redirection of flow through the heart', and it offers images and descriptions aimed towards appreciation of the dynamic elegance of the heart. Besides maintaining blood pressure and flow, the heart has responsive, mediating roles, unifying the varied processes of our organism. We include magnetic resonance images of the heart, photographs of casts of vascular trees, drawings of flow paths, and examples of fluid flows, including oscillatory flow cycles in the sculpted cavities of Flowforms. 
Subject Specific CFD Modeling with Imaging

The use of detailed anatomical model and corresponding boundary conditions captured in imaging for patient-specific CFD simulation. The method allows the calculation of features and properties such as wall shear stress and mass transfer rate which cannot be measured directly with imaging, but are important to the understanding of basic haemodynamics 

- ASME paper  and MIAR 2004 presentation

Vector Field Restoration and Abstraction

A framework for the restoration, abstraction, and extraction of flow features such that the associated dynamic indices can be accurately tracked and quantified. The restoration method is formulated as a constrained optimisation problem for removing noise and enhancing the consistency of the MR velocity data. A computational scheme is derived from the First Order Lagrangian method for solving the optimisation problem. After restoration, flow abstraction is applied with which each cluster of velocity vectors is represented by a local linear expansion of its velocity components. This process not only greatly reduces the amount of data required to encode the velocity distribution but also permits an analytical representation of the flow field from which critical points associated with salient flow features can be accurately extracted. 

Myocardial Perfusion Imaging with Adaptive Slice Tracking and Tracer Kinetic Modeling
  • Efficient and motion adaptive 3D myocardial perfusion imaging
  • Tracer Kinetic Modeling and myocardial perfusion quantification
  • In vivo and clinical validation
    http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~gzy/perfusion 

Assessment of Myocardial Viability
  • Combined assessment of myocardial viability with Gd-Late enhancement imaging, myocardial wall motion and first pass myocardial perfusion imaging.  

 

Myocardial Strain and Stain Rate Analysis
  • Virtual tagging with MR myocardial velocity mapping - IEEE TMI 
  • Strain rate analysis with constrained myocardial velocity restoration
  • Review of methods for measuring intrinsic myocardial mechanics - JMRI 

Atheroma Imaging and Analysis
  • The use of selective volume excitation for high resolution vessel wall imaging (JMRI, 2003;17(5):572-80).
  • 3D morphological modeling of the arterial wall
  • Feature reduction based atheroma classification
Volume Selective Coronary Imaging

A locally focused MR imaging method for 3-D zonal echo-planar coronary angiography using volume selective RF excitation. Spatially variable resolution was used for delineating coronary arteries and reducing the effect of residual signals caused by the imperfect excitation profile of the RF pulse. The use of variable resolution enabled the derivation of basis functions having variable spatial characteristics pertain to regional object details and a significantly smaller number of phase encoded signal measurements was needed for image reconstruction.

  • Gatehouse PD, Keegan J, Yang GZ, Firmin DN. Magn Reson Med, 2001 Nov;46(5):1031-6.
  • Yang GZ, Burger P, Gatehouse, PD, Firmin DN. Magn Reson Med, 41, 171-178, 1999.
  • Yang GZ, Gatehouse PD, Keegan J, Mohiaddin RH, Firmin DN. J. Magn Reson Med, 39: 833-842, 1998.
Dynamic Flow Pressure Mapping

The derivation of dynamic flow pressure distribution from cine magnetic resonance velocity data. The method is based on the Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible Newtonian fluid and computational approach is validated both with a numerical model and in vitro flow phantoms. The work is aimed to contribute towards a better understanding of cardio-vascular dynamics, and serve as a basis for investigating pulsatile pressure/flow relations associated with normal and impaired cardiovascular function. 
  

  • Magn Reson Med, 1996; 36, 520-526. 

  • Yang GZ, Kilner, PJ, Firmin DN. J. Magn Reson Imag, 1996; 6:495-502.

Dynamic Range Extension for MR Velocity Imaging

Motion registered spatio-temporal phase unwrapping  for extending the dynamic range of cine magnetic resonance phase velocity measurements. The inter-frame cardiac movement is estimated from the magnitude image derived from the velocity encoded raw data, which ensures that the phase signal is unwrapped in the temporal direction with reference to pixels belonging to the same anatomic flow region.  The combination of spatial and temporal information ensures phase unwrapping in the presence of large phase aliasing errors.



Vortical Flow Feature Extraction

Study of vortical flow features using multi-directional magnetic resonance velocity imaging based on the phase portrait method. The approach advocated relies on detecting critical flow features prior to analysing dynamical indices of the fluid, and therefore is well suited to the topological study of complex flow patterns depicted by MR velocity mapping techniques. 

  • J Comput Assist Tomogr, 22(4):577-586, 1998.
MR Flow Visualization

The use of texture synthesis for flow visualisation. Two related issues are addressed, one is the removal of image noise from the acquired velocity data to ensure a correct representation of the underlying flow structure, and the other is the formation of transient streamlines through flow texture synthesis. (demo)

Calcification of Biological Valves

Investigation of calcification of tissue valve prosthesis with 3D EBCT.  The method relies on serial assessment (6 month intervals) with dual contrast imaging for accurate quantification of both the morphology and distribution of calcium deposits on the valve leaflets. 
CT Image Enhancement
  • CT Image Enhancement with Wavelet Analysis for the Detection of Small Airways Disease. IEEE TMI 1997,16(6), 953-961.
      
  • Texture classification for the differentiation of obstructive lung diseases on computed tomography, Radiology, 2003; 228(3):871-7. 

The use of harmonic embedding and optimal shape correspondence with statistical modeling for assessing the morphology as well as dynamic thickening of the levator ani.  

Tools and background information about statistical shape modeling with harmonic embedding http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~gzy/osdm/